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He was prescribed psychoanalysis and shock therapy (electroconvulsive treatment). Wisner's death saddened but did not shock his colleagues. He is the son of CIA official Frank Wisner (1909-1965). In 1976, at the beginning of the Carter administration, he served under Cyrus Vance as Deputy Executive Secretary of the Department of State. Carmel Offie - Wikipedia CIA's Voice of Liberation also put out similar radio broadcasts. In the 1950s and early 1960s the CIA's top leaders - men like Allen Dulles, Frank Wisner, Richard Bissell, Tracy Barnes, and Desmond Fitzgerald - were profoundly devoted to covert action. Henry Cabot Lodge tried to block the Security Council from discussing a resolution to send an investigation team to Guatemala. Under this innocuous title, the United States was now fully in the business of covert political operations. "They don't seem to be up to anything. Frank Wisner, Son of Nazi-Recruiting CIA Official, Sent to Prod Mubarak [vague][15] Wisner was unsuccessful in convincing Mubarak to do so. Admiral. Even with my curious nature, I myself was unaware, except in the vaguest terms, what political action projects were going forward and how (Frank Wisner was spending Marshall Plan counterpart funds.) Frank Gardiner Wisner (June 23, 1909 - October 29, 1965) was one of the founding officers of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and played a major role in CIA operations throughout the 1950s. "Thanks Allen, and thanks to all of you. Brad finished and the lights went up. CDR Frank Gardiner Wisner (1909-1965) - Find a Grave Memorial Harrison E. Salisbury commented: "He (Wisner) was the key to a great many things, a brilliant, compulsive man, of enormous charm, imagination, and conviction that anything, anything could be achieved and that he could achieve it. Desmond FitzGerald, a deputy director of the CIA, remembered him as a watchmaker in Detroit on whose shoulders it fell far more than any other man, to build our defenses from the ground up and with all speed., 2023 Minute Media - All Rights Reserved. He was first stationed in Cairo where he spent an uneventful year. A month earlier word had spread through the agency that the New York Times was embarking on a first-ever investigation of the CIA. When Lansdale was manipulating electoral politics in the Philippines in 1953, Wisner asked Joe Alsop to write some columns warning the Filipinos not to steal the election from Magsaysay. He talked about his children. He condemned the Great Purge and accused Stalin of abusing his power. With the help of resident Anastasio Somoza, Castillo had formed a rebel army in Nicaragua. Over lunch in a glass-enclosed restaurant overlooking Central Park, they engage in verbal thrust and parry over the foreign policy issues of the day. The FBI hated them because they didnt want competition. Arbenz, on the other hand, had simply been trying to reform his country and had not sought foreign help in this. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. According to Alex Constantine (Mockingbird: The Subversion Of The Free Press By The CIA), in the 1950s, "some 3,000 salaried and contract CIA employees were eventually engaged in propaganda efforts". Wisner's other great success was the overthrow of Jacobo Arbenz. Wisner began his intelligence career in the Office of Strategic Services in World War II. It was a warm summer night. Who made that decision?". Such vague accusations as that "more than ten people have died mysteriously" can always be explained in some natural way e.g. On June 18, 1948, the United States National Security Council approved NSC 10/2 which created the Office of Special Projects. Powered and implemented byFactSet Digital Solutions. Faked photographs were distributed that claimed to show the mutilated bodies of opponents of Arbenz. While the Guatemalan government valued $2.99 per acre, the American government valued it at $75 per acre. Its not like other countries were lining up to teach the United States the finer points of espionage, so those first CIA men had to be really smart or slightly crazy. During World War II, Wisner and his wife Polly became close friends with Philip Graham and his wife Katharine Graham who after the war became publishers of The Washington Post. However, the CIA Voice of Liberation successfully convinced Arbenz's supporters that two large and heavily armed columns of invaders were moving towards Guatemala City. With the help of George Kennan, the Office of Special Projects was created in 1948. Frank Gardiner Wisner (June 23, 1909 - October 29, 1965) was head of Office of Strategic Services operations in southeastern Europe in 1944-1945 at the end of World War II, and served as the second Deputy Director of Plans (DDP) in charge of the Directorate of Plans (DDP) of the Central Intelligence Agency from August 23, 1951 to September 1958. The State Department immediately disavowed his comments and said Wisner had not been serving as an envoy but as a conduit for certain administration views.[16]. Ernesto Guevara attempted to organize some civil militias but senior army officers blocked the distribution of weapons. Funded with money from the CIA and MI6, the pro-monarchy forces quickly gained the upper hand. The removal of Jacobo Arbenz resulted in several decades of repression. With the help of George Kennan, the Office of Special Projects was created in 1948. He worked in the Navy's censor's office before managing to get a transfer to the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). Henry Breck, a junior CIA officer out of Groton and Harvard, watched his grim-faced elders as they mourned. On August 2, 1936, she married Arthur S. Wisner in Sparks, Nev. Mrs. Wisner had been active in the Emanuel. ", Assassination of John F. Kennedy Encyclopedia, In December, 1956, Wisner had a mental breakdown and was diagnosed as suffering from manic depression. This report examines the information and intelligence resources available to and relied upon by policymakers during the Rwanda crisis. In July 19, 1954, he created the National Committee of Defense Against Communism and decreed the Preventive Penal Law Against Communism to fight against those who supported Arbenz when he was in power. Wisner remained concerned about the spread of communism and began lobbying for a new intelligence agency. [5], He works as an international-affairs advisor at the firm of Squire Patton Boggs in Washington, DC.[6]. If it gets near the coast of Guatemala we'll sink the son-of-a-bitch. ' Britain and France were both initially in favour but eventually buckled under United States pressure and agreed to abstain. This became the espionage and counter-intelligence branch of the Central Intelligence Agency. "Incredible". He later claimed that Wisner had become obsessed with the Soviet Union: "He was already mobilizing for the cold war. . They also produced three films on Guatemala for showing free in cinemas. Wisner's friends believed the illness was triggered by the failure of the Hungarian Uprising. Graham himself recruited others who had worked for military intelligence during the war. You've averted a Soviet beachhead in our hemisphere." On 18th June, 1954, aircraft dropped leaflets over Guatemala demanding that Arbenz resign immediately or else the county would be bombed. Two months later he moved on to Romania where his main task was to spy on the activities of the Soviet Union. I was vaguely uncomfortable. Legal Statement. During that time, Wisner and Bishop discovered and penetrated a Russian Intelligence service named GUGBEZ. The DPP now accounted for three quarters of the CIA budget and 60% of its personnel. According to Donald N. Wilber, who was involved in this CIA plot to remove Mossadegh from power, in early August, 1953, Iranian CIA operatives, pretending to be socialists, threatened Muslim leaders with "savage punishment if they opposed Mossadegh," thereby giving the impression that Mossadegh was cracking down on dissent. The New York Times reported that he was a personal friend of former Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak. This had the effect of keeping the money flowing while allowing Wisner to influence and backchannel policy decisions. Nixon asked a number of questions, concise and to the point, and demonstrated a thorough knowledge of the Guatemalan political situation. In the darkness I could see only a silhouette of the person entering the room; when the door closed it was dark again, and I could not make out the features of the man standing next to me. He was a good sprinter and hurdler and in 1936 was asked to compete in the Olympic trials. Frank Justin Wisnerwas born on month day1879, at birth place. It was the nearest thing to an expletive I ever heard Dulles use. Vibrant democratic parties, even socialist ones, were preferable to a Communist victory. Frank Wisner killed himself with one of his son's shotguns on 29th October, 1965. In April 1962 Richard Helms recalled Wisner to Washington. [1] He was also tapped for the Seven Society. The questions from the unknown man next to me were very insistent, furtive. Britain and France were both initially in favour but eventually buckled under United States pressure and agreed to abstain. Hoover, claimed that Caradja was a Soviet agent. The CIA sent Wisner to the Sheppard-Pratt Institute, a psychiatric hospital near Baltimore. This was the elite which ran American foreign policy and shaped legislation at home. This included James Truitt, Russell Wiggins, Phil Geyelin, John Hayes and Alan Barth. The CIA was feeling particularly embattled that October. This secret operation involved recruiting former German officers and diplomats who could be used in the covert war against the Soviet Union. On January 31, 2011, he was sent to Egypt by President Barack Obama to negotiate a resolution to the popular protests against the regime that had swept the country. When he finished Alien Dulles said, "Brad, I've never heard such crap." All results for Frank Wisner. American diplomat and politician (born 1938), Genevieve Jeanne Marie du Fresne de Virel, Under Secretary of State for International Security Affairs, United States Ambassador to the Philippines, The Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington, "The extended family of Nicolas Sarkozy (de Nagy-Bocsa)", "La Giustizia amministrativa: Raccolta completa contenente le decisioni tutte della IV sezione del Consiglio di Stato, le decisioni pi importanti della Corte dei conti in materia di conti comunali, provinciali ed erariali, e di pensioni, le pi importanti sentenze della Corte di cassazione di Roma in materia elettorale e di competenza e monografie relative a questioni amministrative", "Nomination of Frank G. Wisner To Be United States Ambassador to Egypt", "Guiding Principles for U.S. Post-Conflict Policy in Iraq", "Ambassador Frank G. Wisner Joins Ergo's Advisory Board", "Frank Wisner, the Diplomat Sent to Prod Mubarak", Obama Egypt Envoy Frank Wisner Says Mubarak Should Stay, Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs, United States Ambassadors to the Philippines, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frank_G._Wisner&oldid=1135372820, Ambassadors of the United States to the Philippines, Ambassadors of the United States to India, Ambassadors of the United States to Egypt, Ambassadors of the United States to Zambia, United States Under Secretaries of Defense for Policy, People of the Egyptian revolution of 2011, Acting United States Secretaries of State, People associated with Squire Patton Boggs, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles needing clarification, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2015, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 24 January 2023, at 07:44. He described the OPC as "Wisner's gang of weirdos" and began carrying out investigations into their past. By the early 1960s he held right-wing opinions. He was prescribed psychoanalysis and shock therapy (electroconvulsive treatment). Guillermo Toriello appealed to the United Nations to help protect Guatemalan government. Later that year Wisner established Operation Mockingbird, a program to influence the American media. Frank G. Wisner discusses his distinguished career in public service, including working as former undersecretary of defense for policy, undersecretary of state for international security affairs . While in Germany he served under Allen W. Dulles. Wisner was transferred to the OSS station in Wiesbaden. Four months later he agreed to retire from the CIA. [2] An event carried out Events Participated in References Tim Weiner, Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA, Penguin, 2007, pp.36-38. He was educated at Woodberry Forest School in Orange and the University of Virginia. They were defiant and proud, but besieged. Frank Wisner was constantly looked for ways to help convince the public of the dangers of communism. However, Barnes convinced him that it was vital important that the Soviets did not establish a "beachhead in Central America". Frank George Wisner II (born July 2, 1938) is an American businessman and former diplomat who had served as acting United States Secretary of State for a few hours following the resignation of the previous acting United States Secretary of State Arnold Kanter at noon on January 20, 1993 until the confirmation by the United States Senate and swearing in of Warren Christopher as United States Secretary of State later that day. It compelled a higher degree of intellectual curiosity, accomplishment, and operational savior faire than did espionage ("espionage" referring specifically to the recruitment of foreign intelligence agents). That beginning took place for him in Romania, simultaneously dealing with the results of the German war and with the coming reality of Soviet power. Harvey reported back in June 1951 that he was convinced that Philby was a KGB spy. Market data provided byFactset. Eisenhower shook his head, perhaps thinking of the thousands who had died in France. . He had upset the US government by nationalizing Iran's oil industry. He suffered a breakdown in 1958, and retired from the Agency in 1962. Khrushchev's de-Stalinzation policy encouraged people living in Eastern Europe to believe that he was willing to give them more independence from the Soviet Union. Eisenhower's first question was to Hector (Rip Robertson): "How many men did Castillo Armas lose?" [16], On August 23, 1951, Wisner succeeded Allen W. Dulles and became the second Deputy Director of Plans, with Richard Helms as his chief of operations. Frances Stonor Saunders, the author of Who Paid the Piper: The CIA and the Cultural Cold War? Castillo now reversed the Arbenz reforms. The removal of Jacobo Arbenz resulted in several decades of repression. Frank Wisner, Father of American Covert Operations - Mental Floss The CIA was also busy bribing Arbenz's military commanders. Dulles decided that Richard Bissell rather than Richard Helms should become the new head of the DPP. The Guatemalan Foreign Minister, Guillermo Toriello, asked the United Nations for help against the covert activities of the United States. This information was passed to Joseph McCarthy who started making attacks on members of the OPC. Edit your search or learn more. Wisner's other great success was the overthrow of Jacobo Arbenz. Theres a general rule in secret operations: If it has a bland name, its important. Another project started by Wisner was called Operation Bloodstone. Four days later, after a day in which Mubarak allies took violent reprisal against democracy activists, Wisner spoke to a security conference in Europe and called it "crucial" that Mubarak stay on in the interest of "stability." This machinery was in the CIA but the agency shared control of it with the State Department and the Pentagon. Alsop dutifully printed the story, which may or may not have been true.". Henry Cabot Lodge tried to block the Security Council from discussing a resolution to send an investigation team to Guatemala. Frank Gardiner Wisner - Commander, United States Navy Central Intellignce Agency February 27, 2023 by Michael Robert Patterson Frank Gardner Wisner was born in Laurel, Mississippi, in 1910. Afterward, he obviously wasnt equipped to go back to the Directorate of Plans, so he was made the station chief in London. CIA's Voice of Liberation also put out similar radio broadcasts. Frank Wisner - Wikispooks His army was outnumbered by the Guatemalan Army. Work out a new speech for Brad We went to the White House in the morning. The DPP now accounted for three quarters of the CIA budget and 60% of its personnel. A door opened near me. Finally Brad (Colonel Albert Haney) rehearsed his speech. Wisner was also able to restrict newspapers from reporting about certain events. As Evan Thomas reported in The Very Best Men, the OPCs charter gave it responsibility for propaganda, economic warfare; preventative direct action, including sabotage, antisabotage, demolition and evacuation measures; subversion against hostile states, including assistance to underground resistance groups, and support of indigenous anti-Communist elements in threatened countries of the free world. The U.S. government would disclaim any responsibility of the OPCs missions. At his funeral the Bethlehem Chapel in the National Cathedral was overflowing with old friends who sang "Fling Out the Banner" as Wisner's family marched down the aisle at the end of the service. On August 29, 1944, Lt. Comdr. He whispered a number of questions: "Who is that? He announced a change in policy and gave orders for the Soviet Union's political prisoners to be released. Jake Esterline was placed in charge of the CIA's Washington task force in the overthrow of Jacobo Arbenz in Guatemala. The lighted shaft of the Washington Monument could be seen through the trees. On Tuesday, April third at Chicago, occurred the sudden death of little Frank M. Wisner, the three and a half years old son of Mr. and Mrs. L.S. Others like Stewart Alsop, Joseph Alsop and James Reston, were recruited from within the Georgetown Set. Even with my curious nature, I myself was unaware, except in the vaguest terms, what political action projects were going forward and how (Frank Wisner was spending Marshall Plan counterpart funds.) Wisner's FBI file tells scurrilous tales of his wild life during and after World War II. On April 4, 1953, Wisner persuaded Allen W. Dulles to approve $1 million to be used "in any way that would bring about the fall of Mossadegh." Wisner's suicide was "entirely rational, if you can say such a thing," said his niece Jean Lindsey. Wisner grew very fond of Philby and was unaware that he was a Soviet spy betraying all his operations to his masters in Moscow. It was an exhausting, stressful, and almost impossible job. Castillo's new government was immediately recognised by President Dwight Eisenhower.