On Holy Thursday, 12 Pames elders reenacted the roles of the apostles. Serra placed both hands upon their heads as a token of paternal affection. "[4] Junípero Serra is the second native saint of the Balearic Islands after Catherine of Palma. Before completing his required year of training, Serra volunteered for a mission in the rugged Sierra Gorda, to help replace friars who had recently died there. traduction degli effetti della dans le dictionnaire Italien - Francais de Reverso, voir aussi 'effetti passivi',effetti personali',effettivo',effetto', conjugaison, expressions idiomatiques John Tyndall was the first to measure the infrared absorption and emission of various gases and vapours. While there were many controversies in the Church's history, the fate of unbaptized infants has never been definitively settled by an ecumenical council of Bishops in the Catholic church. "[74], Serra's young servant José María Vergerano ran into Serra's hut, his neck pierced by an arrow. the crowd watched as activists tied a rope around Serra's statue to rip it from its pedestal. White, Jeremy B. Pope's visit delays vote to ditch Junipero Serra statue. [118] Tinker argues that it is more appropriate to judge the beatings and whippings administered by Serra and others from the point of view of the Native Americans, who were the victims of the violence, and who did not punish their children with physical discipline. Traduzioni in contesto per "effetto serra" in italiano-inglese da Reverso Context: gas a effetto serra, gas ad effetto serra, gas fluorurati ad effetto serra, gas fluorurati a effetto serra, effetto serra per [125][126][dubious – discuss], Despite these concerns, thousands of Native Americans in California maintain their Catholic faith,[127] and some supported efforts to canonize Serra. The "greenhouse effect" of the atmosphere is named by analogy to greenhouses which become warmer in sunlight. [99]:39 He maintained a patriarchal or fatherly attitude towards the Native American population. [citation needed], Franciscans saw the Indians as children of God who deserved the opportunity for salvation, and would make good Christians. About See All. The atmosphere radiates energy both upwards and downwards; the part radiated downwards is absorbed by the surface of Earth. [110], The New York Times noted that some "Indian historians and authors blame Father Serra for the suppression of their culture and the premature deaths at the missions of thousands of their ancestors. Yet Serra wrote six months later, in a letter to the guardian of the college of San Fernando, that "both our men and theirs sustained wounds"—without mentioning any Indian deaths. [49], Into the vacuum created by the Jesuits' expulsion from Mexico, stepped Franciscan missionaries. [78], Food remained scarce as the San Diego outpost awaited the return of the supply ship San Antonio. effetto serra. [35], Back in the Sierra Gorda, Serra faced a conflict between Spanish soldiers, settlers, and mission natives or "Indians". "It was a day of great rejoicing and merriment for all," wrote Serra, "because although each one in his respective journey had undergone the same hardships, their meeting ... now became the material for mutual accounts of their experiences. Several Indians approached them, and the two groups exchanged gifts. EFFETTO SERRA: ISTRUZIONI PER L'USO: Prima Edizione, 1994 (Italian Edition) eBook: ROSSO, RENZO: Amazon.de: Kindle-Shop They had survived by slaughtering and eating their mules along the return trek south. Within the region where radiative effects are important, the description given by the idealized greenhouse model becomes realistic. A few hours after birth, he was baptized in the village church. His philosophy course, including over 60 students, lasted three years. The idealized greenhouse model is a simplification. It is nearer to the Sun than Earth by about 30%. [59], On Pentecost day, May 14, 1769, Serra founded his first mission, Misión San Fernando Rey de España de Velicatá, in a mud hut that had served as a makeshift church when friar Fermín Lasuén had traveled up on Easter to conduct the sacraments for the Fernando Rivera expedition, the overland party that had preceded the Portolá party. The number of civilian colonists in Alta California never exceeded 3,200, and the missions with their Indian populations were critical to keeping the region within Spain's political orbit. "The men of the land and sea expeditions coming from different directions met here at the same time," wrote Serra, "we singing the divine praises in our launch, while the gentlemen on land sang in their hearts." [citation needed], On June 24, 1767, the Viceroy of New Spain, Carlos Francisco de Croix, read a Spanish royal decree to Mexico's archbishop and assembled church officials: "Repair with an armed force to the houses of the Jesuits. [citation needed], On July 16, 1769, Serra founded mission San Diego in honor of Didacus of Alcalá in a simple shelter on Presidio Hill serving as a temporary church. After weathering some administrative obstacles, they received permission and set sail for Cádiz, the port of departure for Spain's colonies in the Americas. A runaway greenhouse effect occurs if positive feedbacks lead to the evaporation of all greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The Indians accepted the trinkets Serra offered as rewards for visiting the new mission. To get from Veracruz to Mexico City, Serra and his Franciscan companions took the Camino Real (English: royal path), a rough road stretching from sea level through tropical forests, dry plains, high plateaus and volcanic sierra mountains to an altitude of 7400 feet (2250 meters). This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license. Their products were collected and rationed to the mission residents, according to personal needs. He imposed it, giving us no choice in the matter. [34] Paleoclimatologists consider variations in carbon dioxide concentration to be a fundamental factor influencing climate variations over this time scale.[35][36]. serra (1)}s. f. Ambiente chiuso, di solito protetto da grandi vetrate o fogli di materia plastica, dove si coltivano piante in condizioni climatiche particolari | Effetto –s, V. effetto | Essere allevato in una –s, essere un fiore di serra e sim., (fig.) Explore content created by others. Their effects, together with those of other anthropogenic drivers, have been detected throughout the climate system and are extremely likely to have been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century'".[28]. Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary. One of the Indian men gave Serra roasted agave stalks and four fishes. But the townspeople protested and stayed put. [13] The effect was more fully quantified by Svante Arrhenius in 1896, who made the first quantitative prediction of global warming due to a hypothetical doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide. [152][153] After the incident, law enforcement authorities launched a hate crime investigation since the only grave sites targeted for desecration were those of Europeans. [citation needed], Many of Serra's letters and other documentation are extant, the principal ones being his "Diario" of the journey from Loreto to San Diego, which was published in Out West (March to June 1902) along with Serra's Representación. The statue, showing the face of Cachum, mother of the sun, had been erected on a hilltop shrine where some Pame chiefs lay buried. The Christian Indians from Baja who remained with the Spaniards did not know the Kumeyaay language. [citation needed], On August 28, 1784, at the age of 70, Junípero Serra died at Mission San Carlos Borromeo from tuberculosis. By the time the Franciscans had moved north and turned the missions over to Dominican friars in 1772, the Indian population had decreased to about 5,000. Even after the burning of the mission in San Diego, he did not want those Indians punished. In fact, the greenhouse effect from CFCs have been quantified from surface observations of the infrared radiation spectrum (Evans 2006). Applying to the colonial bureaucracy in Madrid, Serra requested that both he and Palóu embark on a foreign mission. [72] Despite the efforts of Doctor Prat, many of the ill men died in San Diego. Junípero Serra y Ferrer, O.F.M. The sun warms the ground and contents inside just like the outside, and these then warm the air. Other relics are remnants of the wood from Serra's coffin on display next to the sanctuary, and personal items belonging to Serra on display in the mission museums. On June 25, as the party struggled to cross a series of ravines, they noticed many Indians following them. and the other by 'Long live the King!' [10][11], The existence of the greenhouse effect, while not named as such, was proposed by Joseph Fourier in 1824. Economically, the missions produced all of the colony's cattle and grain, and by the 1780s were even producing surpluses sufficient to trade with Mexico for luxury goods. Our ancestors are buried at the mission."[132]. Hence, he has been called the "Father of California Wine". [27] According to the 2014 Assessment Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, "atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide are unprecedented in at least the last 800,000 years. "[134], Biographer Gregory Orfalea wrote of Serra: "I see his devotion to Native Californians as heartfelt, plain-spoken and borne out by continuous example." Junípero Serra, letter to Francesch Serra, Cádiz, August 20, 1749. "[123] Francis further noted: "Instead of seeming to impose new obligations, (Christians) should appear as people who wish to share their joy, who point to a horizon of beauty and who invite others to a delicious banquet. [100] After a series of abuses on the native population by the hand of local soldiers, Serra and other missionaries protested against governor of Alta California Pedro Fages, who refused to reprimand his soldiers. The three men then walked along the rocky coast south to Carmel Bay. [20] The young Junípero, along with his fellow novices, vowed to scorn property and comfort, and to remain celibate. Werbefrei streamen oder als CD und MP3 kaufen bei Amazon.de. [citation needed], Junípero Serra was beatified by Pope John Paul II on September 25, 1988. The famous historian of missions Herbert Eugene Bolton gave evidence favorable to the case in 1948, and the testimony of five other historians was solicited in 1986. It reradiates in all directions, both upwards and downwards; in equilibrium (by definition) the same amount as it has absorbed. One of the participants, Andrew Galvan, a member of the Ohlone Tribe and curator of Mission Dolores in San Francisco, stated prior to the ceremony that the canonization "will be the culmination of a life's work for me. [63], Back on the road, Serra found it very difficult to stay on his feet because "my left foot had become very inflamed, a painful condition which I have suffered for a year or more. Rather than the surface itself, it is more realistic to think of the greenhouse effect as applying to a layer in the mid-troposphere, which is effectively coupled to the surface by a lapse rate. The Pames objected, threatening to defend their lands by force if necessary. "[62] The motive behind gifts of food, tobacco, and the like was, "in the words of Serra's colleague and biographer, Father Francisco Palóu, spiritual conquest meant enticing Indians [sic] with food and clothing, by which means they could be indoctrinated as Christians and 'gradually acquire a knowledge of what is spiritually good and evil' ". [2] The result, however, is an increase in temperature in both cases. [citation needed], A few days later, a group of Indians arrived at the mission carrying a naked baby boy. Arriving at a farm at day's end, he could hardly stand. He added: "It seems none of them died so they can still be baptized. The next morning his leg was raw and bleeding. Friar Fernando Parrón, who had sailed on the San Carlos as chaplain, had become weak with scurvy as well. [115][116] Serra moved the mission to Carmel due to better lands for farming, due to his conflicts with Fages, and in part to protect the Indian neophytes from the influence of Spanish soldiers. "He entered my little hut with so much blood streaming from his temples and mouth that, shortly after, I gave him absolution and helped him to die well," wrote Serra. The presence of N2, CH4, and H2 in the atmosphere contribute to a greenhouse effect, increasing the surface temperature by 21K over the expected temperature of the body with no atmosphere. [citation needed], In March 1768, Serra and his missionary team boarded a Spanish sloop at San Blas, on Mexico's Pacific coast. This leads to a higher equilibrium temperature than if the atmosphere did not radiate. [citation needed], But as the expedition gathered in Loreto, Serra's foot and leg infection had become almost crippling. "From my mission of Loreto," wrote Serra, "I took along no more provisions for so long a journey than a loaf of bread and a piece of cheese. [79], Bolstered by the food unloaded from the San Antonio, Portolá and his men shifted their sights back north to Monterey, specified by José de Gálvez as the northern stake of Spain's empire in California. [29], Hobbling into Mexico City, Serra joined up with his fellow friars at the College of San Fernando de Mexico, a specialized training center and regional headquarters for Franciscan missionaries. [117], Mark A. Noll, a professor at Wheaton College in Illinois, wrote that Serra's attitude—that missionaries could, and should, treat their wards like children, including the use of corporal punishment—was common at the time. Junipero Serra moved to the area that is now Monterey in 1770, and founded Mission San Carlos Borroméo de Carmelo. He denounced several Christian non-Indians who lived in and around the mission for "the most detestable and horrible crimes of sorcery, witchcraft and devil worship. "[39], According to modern Franciscan historians, this report by Serra to the Inquisition is the only letter of his that has survived from eight years of mission work in the Sierra Gorda. Statues or other monuments to Father Serra are found on the grounds of several other mission churches, including those in San Diego and Santa Clara. Serra countered that "God ... has given me the strength to come so far. A plaque in Old San Juan states (in Spanish) that Junípero Serra lived in this house in San Juan Bautista, Puerto Rico. [citation needed], Observing the mission and its neighboring huts sparsely protected, a group of over 20 Indians attacked with bows and arrows. [10][11], Both before and after his canonization, Serra's reputation and missionary work during the Spanish occupation have been condemned by critics, who point to mandatory conversions to Catholicism, followed by abuse of the Native American converts. It was a field of missionary endeavor that required patience, perseverance, and humility, as well as vision and courage. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception, Misión San Fernando Rey de España de Velicatá, Mission San Carlos Borromeo del Río Caramelo, List of monuments and memorials removed during the George Floyd protests § Junípero Serra, Saint Junípero Serra, patron saint archive, "Pope Francis celebrates Junipero Serra at Rome's North American College", "Pope Francis canonizes controversial saint", "Why Are Native Groups Protesting Catholicism's Newest Saint? Get Directions +39 346 592 5244. [47] Some of Serra's colleagues admonished him for going too far. Nel 2002 l'Austria ha adottato disposizioni nazionali relative a taluni gas fluorurati ad effetto serra. Among his students were fellow future missionaries Francisco Palóu and Juan Crespí. [26], In 1748, Serra and Palóu confided to each other their desire to become missionaries. traduction serra dans le dictionnaire Italien - Francais de Reverso, voir aussi 'effetto serra',sera',sierra',serrare', conjugaison, expressions idiomatiques This library is part of the building complex of the Mission Santa Barbara, but is now a separate non-profit, independent educational and research institution. [citation needed], On the Baja California peninsula, newly appointed governor Gaspar de Portolá had to notify and remove the Jesuits from the chain of missions they had developed in forbidding territory over 70 years. While he gave control of the church to Serra, Portolá controlled the living quarters and rationed out food to the friars, charging their costs to the mission. A bronze and marble sarcophagus depicting Serra's life was completed in 1924 by the sculptor Jo Mora, but Serra's remains have never been transferred to that sarcophagus. Suitable for window boxes, greenhouse and aquarium. "Father, absolve me," he beseeched, "for the Indians have killed me." On Sunday May 7, Serra celebrated high Mass and preached a sermon at the mission church on the frontier of Spanish Catholicism. [67], On June 28, sergeant José Ortega, who had ridden ahead to meet the Rivera party in San Diego, returned with fresh animals and letters to Serra from friars Juan Crespí and Fernando Parrón. [105][106] Though the perpetrator failed to decapitate the bronze statue of Serra, $3000 was needed to repair it as well. Puede completar la traducción de effetto serra propuesta por el diccionario Italiano-Español consultando otros diccionarios: Wikipedia, Lexilogos, Oxford, Cambridge, … He soon learned enough Spanish for Serra to view him as an envoy to help convert the Kumeyaay. [citation needed], During the trek Serra's left foot swelled up, and a burning itch tormented him. In 1773, difficulties with Pedro Fages, the military commander, compelled Serra to travel to Mexico City to argue before Viceroy Antonio María de Bucareli y Ursúa for the removal of Fages as the Governor of California Nueva. effetto serra; Verb . It ordered the settlers to keep their cattle out of the Pames' fields, and to pay the Pames fairly for their labor (with the friars supervising payment). . The next morning he arrived at Santa María, where he met up with Portolá, friar Miguel de la Campa and several members of their party. The net effect of these two phenomena result is a net warming of 21K- 9K= 12K, so Titan is 12 K warmer than it would be if there were no atmosphere. [38], The anti-greenhouse effect is a mechanism similar and symmetrical to the greenhouse effect: in the greenhouse effect, the atmosphere lets radiation in while not letting thermal radiation out, thus warming the body surface; in the anti-greenhouse effect, the atmosphere keeps radiation out while letting thermal radiation out, which lowers the equilibrium surface temperature. When they camped for the night, the Indians pressed close. As head of the order in California, Serra not only dealt with church officials, but also with Spanish officials in Mexico City and with the local military officers who commanded the nearby garrison. "They [my parents] will learn to see how sweet is His yoke," Serra wrote, "and that He will change for them the sorrow they may now experience into great happiness. serre, deriv. [150] The Huntington Library announcement of its 2013 exhibition on Serra made it clear that Serra's treatment of Native Americans would be part of the comprehensive coverage of his legacy. Easy editing on desktops, tablets, and smartphones. They were places of death.". During the night, the atmosphere cools somewhat, but not greatly, because its emissivity is low. 96 check-ins. "He passed away at my feet, bathed in his blood. He received a doctorate in theology from the Lullian College (founded in the 14th century by Ramon Lull for the training of Franciscan missionaries) in Palma de Majorca, where he also occupied the Duns Scotus chair of philosophy until he joined the missionary College of San Fernando de Mexico in 1749. Gaspar de Portolá, governor of Las Californias, welcomed them at the Loreto mission, founded by Jesuits in 1697. Soldiers and settlers let their cattle graze on Christian Pames' farmlands and bullied Pames into working for them. He suffered intensely from his crippled leg and from his chest, yet he would use no remedies. [144], The chapel at Mission San Juan Capistrano, built in 1782, is thought to be the oldest standing building in California. Greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect on planets. Synonymes [modifier le wikicode] gas ad effetto serra; Voir aussi [modifier le wikicode] gas serra sur l’encyclopédie Wikipédia (en italien) gas serra dans le recueil de citations Wikiquote (en italien) In these last days a certain Cayetana, a very clever Mexican woman of said mission, married to one Pérez, a mulatto, has confessed—she, being observed and accused of similar crimes, having been held under arrest by us for some days past—that in the mission there is a large congregation of [Christian non-Indians], although some Indians also join them, and that these persons, ... flying through the air at night, are in the habit of meeting in a cave on a hill near a ranch called El Saucillo, in the center of said missions, where they worship and make sacrifice to the demons who appear visibly there in the guise of young goats and various other things of that nature. [22] In his free time, he avidly read stories about Franciscan friars roaming the provinces of Spain and around the world to win new souls for the church, often suffering martyrdom in the process. "[129][needs context], In July 2015, Mendoza testified at a hearing on a proposal to remove a statue of Junipero Serra from the U.S. Capitol. Finde den passenden Reim für „serra serra“ Ähnliche Wörter zum gesuchten Reim 153.212 Wörter online Ständig aktualisierte Reime Reime in 13 Sprachen Jetzt den passenden Reim finden! [37] [28], In 1749, Serra and the Franciscan missionary team landed in Veracruz, on the Gulf coast of New Spain (now Mexico). Dressed in surplice and stole, Serra read the initial prayers and performed the ceremonies to prepare for baptism. The existence of the greenhouse effect, while not named as such, was proposed by Joseph Fourier in 1824. "Report to the Inquisition of Mexico City." "[24], Serra was considered intellectually brilliant by his peers. Piazza Borghi, 1 Varano Borghi (va) All'interno del parco di hotel villa borghi (5,293.34 mi) Varano Borghi 21020 . [14] His father Antonio Nadal Serra and mother Margarita Rosa Ferrer were married in 1707. [citation needed], The viceroy, Spain's highest official in Mexico, suspended the intrusive colony. gas serra \'gas ˈsɛr.ra\ masculin invariable (Chimie) Gaz à effet de serre. Serra, now 35, was assured a prestigious career as priest and scholar if he stayed in Majorca; but he set his sights firmly on pagan lands. The mission lands were our ancestral homes. Schauen Sie sich Beispiele für effetto serra-Übersetzungen in Sätzen an, hören Sie sich die Aussprache an und lernen Sie die Grammatik. To warn them away, soldiers fired their guns into the air. [citation needed], The Indians now encountered by the party near the coast appeared well-fed and more eager to receive cloth than food. Converted Indians were segregated from Indians who had not yet embraced Christianity, lest there be a relapse. Start now. Serra, clutching a Jesus figurine in one hand and a Mary figurine in the other, prayed to God to save both sides from casualties. He then handed them figs, which they ate immediately. On one occasion he was called home to anoint his seriously ill father with the last rites. [25], During Serra's last five years on the island of Majorca, drought and plague afflicted his home village of Petra. The group, founded in 1935, currently numbers a membership of about 20,000 worldwide. From this came the determined efforts of missionaries to the detriment of native cultures, which few today would countenance. Nézd meg! Serra sometimes went home from Palma for brief visits to his parents—now separated—and gave them some financial support. [102], Native Americans objected to the Catholic Church's canonization of Serra, charging the priest "directed and approved of the torture and enslavement of Natives" at missions that served as both religious and military installations. The variety he planted, presumably descended from Spain, became known as the Mission grape and dominated California wine production until about 1880. Tensions with the local Kumeyaay people made it difficult to attract converts. John Tyndall was the first to measure the infrared absorption and emission of various gases and vapours. [77], Over six months dragged on without a single Indian convert to mission San Diego. He did incalculable damage to a whole culture". The missions were primarily designed to bring the Catholic faith to the native peoples. Strictly following the rule of his patron saint Francis of Assisi that friars "must not ride on horseback unless compelled by manifest necessity or infirmity," Serra insisted on walking to Mexico City. [9] Serra's missionary efforts earned him the title of "Apostle of California". He asked that an inquisitor be appointed to preside over the Sierra Gorda. [16], At age 16, Miquel's parents enrolled him in a Franciscan school in the capital city, Palma de Majorca, where he studied philosophy. Whenever Serra placed his hands on their heads, they placed theirs on his. He attributed the swelling to a mosquito bite. Fages worked his men very harshly and was seen as a tyrant. Many groups among them, adopting mobile guerrilla tactics, had eluded conquest by the Spanish military. Most of the Christian Indians recruited to the overland parties had died or deserted; military officers had denied them rations when food started running low. [156] It was formerly named after Serra. The blacksmith, Chacón, ran about the Spanish huts unprotected by a leather jacket, shouting: "Long live the faith of Jesus Christ and may these dogs, enemies of that faith, die! Increasing the concentration of the gases increases the amount of absorption and reradiation, and thereby further warms the layers and ultimately the surface below.[20]. After the raising and planting of a large cross, which Serra blessed, "the standards of our Catholic monarch were also set up, the one ceremony ... accompanied by shouts of 'Long live the Faith!' MM 1847, f 273, Bancroft Library, Berkeley, California. Miquel and his father Antonio often visited the friary for friendly chats with the Franciscans. [51], Serra and Palóu found—to their unpleasant surprise—that they ruled only on spiritual matters: everyday management of the mission remained in the hands of the military, who had occupied the Baja missions since evicting the Jesuits. ", "Evangelii Gaudium : Apostolic Exhortation on the Proclamation of the Gospel in Today's World, 15 (24 November 2013)", "Sainthood and Serra: His virtues outdistance his sins", Cultural Diversity in the Catholic Church in the United States, "Pope Francis Honors First Hispanic Saint in U.S.", "Often criticized, Serra gets a reappraisal from historians", "Orange County and Pope Francis: Native American priest to meet pope for Father Serra canonization", "Bells Sound at Ordination of First Juaneno", "Carmel Mission, city ready for Serra canonization", "Junipero Serra advocates need just one more miracle", "Pope's canonization announcement surprises even Serra's promoters", Junípero Serra: el franciscano español que divide a Estados Unidos, "Interior of Father Serra's Church – California Missions Resource Center", "History of Serra in America and Australia – Serra Council of Australia New Zealand and the South Pacific", "MEXICA MOVEMENT: Indigenous Liberation for Anahuac", "Protesters confront parishioners over Serra canonization", "Junipero Serra exhibition at the Huntington seeks a full view", http://mobile.nytimes.com/2015/09/29/us/carmel-california-junipero-serra-pope-francis-vandalism.html, "statue of st junipero serra defaced at californias carmel mission", "Carmel saint statue vandalized in possible hate crime", "La vida de Fray Junípero Serra en una película de animación", "Stanford renames buildings for Sally Ride, Carolyn Attneave", Jerry Brown says Junípero Serra statue will stay, Demonstration at Father Serra statue in Ventura leaves it standing, "Demonstrators Topple Statues in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park", "Junipero Serra statue at Presidio of Monterey is decapitated", "Decapitated head of Junipero Serra found during low tide", "Junipero Serra statue taken down by protesters at Capitol, CHP says", https://www.sanluisobispo.com/news/local/article243718742.html, "Serra statue removed in Carmel for safekeeping, local cities deciding fate of others", "St. Junipero Serra statue vandalized in Mission Hills", Firing Line with William F. Buckley: Saint or Sinner: Junipero Serra (March 17, 1989), Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography, Independence of Spanish continental Americas, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northernmost France, Law of coartación (which allowed slaves to buy their freedom, and that of others), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Junípero_Serra&oldid=996578320, Burials at Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo, Priests of the Spanish missions in California, Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles needing additional references from July 2020, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Articles containing Catalan-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2016, Articles with disputed statements from July 2020, Wikipedia articles needing context from February 2019, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, In 1899, Jane Elizabeth Lathrop Stanford, wife of, A bronze statue of Serra standing over an outline of the State of California previously stood in the, A statue of Serra is located in the courtyard of.

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